Cooperativas de energia e transição energética: uma revisão da literatura

Resumo

A humanidade enfrenta o desafio da adaptação às mudanças climáticas e ao aquecimento global, e a eletricidade desempenha um papel essencial no desenvolvimento econômico, sendo fundamental que haja transformações nos sistemas de energia para fontes renováveis. Na transição energética, cada país enfrenta diferentes oportunidades e desafios, sendo necessária a criação de um novo sistema energético, justo e renovável. As cooperativas de energia, especialmente na Europa, emergem como elementos-chave na transição, permitindo que cidadãos se tornem produtores independentes de energia, promovendo uma matriz descentralizada e sustentável. Cooperativas de energia são vistas como estruturas eficazes para apoiar a transição energética de baixo carbono, proporcionando propriedade e responsabilidade comunitárias. Este artigo apresenta uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre cooperativas de energia. De um universo inicial de 772 artigos nas bases Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct e Scielo, chegou-se a um portfólio de 46 artigos que indicam tendências, desafios comuns e proposições para o segmento em escala global.

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